Executive Agreements Between Presidents and Heads of Foreign Countries are Considered

When it comes to diplomatic relations between countries, executive agreements play a significant role. These agreements are made between the President of the United States and the head of a foreign country. Unlike treaties, which require the approval of two-thirds of the Senate to take effect, executive agreements are solely the responsibility of the President. This allows for a faster and more efficient method of establishing foreign relations.

Executive agreements are not new in US history. In fact, they have been used since the early days of the United States. The first executive agreement was made in 1794 between the United States and Great Britain. The agreement addressed the issue of British impressment of American sailors. Since then, executive agreements have been used to address a variety of issues including trade, defense, and human rights.

Some argue that executive agreements violate the separation of powers in the US government. This is because they allow the President to make agreements with foreign countries without the approval of Congress. However, the Supreme Court has consistently held that executive agreements are a valid exercise of the President’s power. As long as the agreement does not contradict existing laws or the Constitution, it is considered legally binding.

One advantage of executive agreements is their flexibility. Unlike treaties, which are often negotiated for months or even years, executive agreements can be made quickly. This is particularly useful when an urgent issue arises that requires immediate action. For example, in 2015 President Obama made an executive agreement with Iran concerning their nuclear program. This agreement was made quickly and without the need for Senate approval.

Another advantage of executive agreements is their confidentiality. Unlike treaties, which are made public and subject to scrutiny, executive agreements can be kept confidential if necessary. This allows for a level of discretion that is often needed in delicate negotiations.

Executive agreements between presidents and heads of foreign countries are a vital tool for establishing and maintaining diplomatic relations. They provide a fast and efficient way to address issues that require immediate attention and allow for confidentiality when necessary. While some may argue that they violate the separation of powers, the Supreme Court has consistently upheld their validity. As such, executive agreements will continue to play a critical role in US foreign relations.